N2 Contrast and Comparison
~に反して: meaning, usage and examples
~に反して means: contrary to... / against...
How to form it
<Noun> + に反して / に反し / に反する + Noun / に反した + Noun
Examples
予想に反して、試合に勝った。
Contrary to expectations, we won the match.
意志に反して、転勤させられた。
Against my will, I was transferred.
親の期待に反して、兄は大学に進学しなかった。
Contrary to our parents' expectations, my brother didn't go to college.
ルールに反する行為は、厳しく注意されます。
Anyone who breaks the rules will receive a strict warning.
When to use it
Has two uses. With 予想, 期待 or 予報, it means the result was the opposite of what was expected: 予報に反して、晴れた (contrary to the forecast, it was sunny). With 法律, ルール or 意志, it means going against or violating something: 規則に反する行為 (an act that breaks the rules).
Nuance
Formal and written; common in news, reports and official notices. The first use reports a surprising outcome; the second use often appears in warnings. Before a noun use に反する or に反した.
Compare
に対して compares two things or shows an attitude toward something: 兄が背が高いのに対して、弟は低い. に反して means contrary to an expectation or rule: 予想に反して負けた. に従って is the opposite of the rule meaning: ルールに従って (following the rules).
Tip: The nouns are predictable: 予想, 期待, 予報, 意志, 法律, 規則. Learn them as set phrases.
More in Contrast and Comparison
Frequently asked questions
What does ~に反して mean?
Contrary to... / against.... Example: 予想に反して、試合に勝った。 (Contrary to expectations, we won the match.)
How do you form ~に反して?
<Noun> + に反して / に反し / に反する + Noun / に反した + Noun. The nouns are predictable: 予想, 期待, 予報, 意志, 法律, 規則. Learn them as set phrases.