JLPT N5 grammar · Adjectives & Declarations
Plain style [i-Adjective]: meaning, usage and examples
Plain style [i-Adjective] means: (Conjugation for i-adjectives, plain form).
How to form it
Present: 〜い / Negative: 〜くない / Past: 〜かった / Past neg: 〜くなかった
Examples
大きい、大きくない、大きかった、大きくなかった
it's big, it's not big, it was big, it wasn't big
高い、高くない、高かった、高くなかった
it's expensive, it's not expensive, it was expensive, it wasn't expensive
この映画はおもしろい。
This movie is interesting.
昨日は寒くなかった。
It wasn’t cold yesterday.
試験は難しかった。
The exam was difficult.
When to use it
Plain style is used in casual conversation, embedded clauses, and before nouns.
Nuance
い-adjectives conjugate without a copula: you never say 高いだ in standard speech.
Compare
Polite style adds です after each form: 高いです / 高くないです / 高かったです.
Tip: いい (good) is irregular: negative is よくない, past is よかった.
More in Adjectives & Declarations
- [Adjective] + [Noun]: (Modifying a noun with an adjective)
- Polite style [i-Adjective]: (Conjugation for i-adjectives, polite form)
- Plain style [na-Adjective/Noun]: (Conjugation for na-adjectives/nouns, plain form)
- Polite style [na-Adjective]/[Noun]: (Conjugation for na-adjectives/nouns, polite form)
- [Plain style]+[Noun] (Noun modifiers): (Using a plain form verb/adjective phrase to modify a noun)
Frequently asked questions
What does Plain style [i-Adjective] mean?
(Conjugation for i-adjectives, plain form). Example: 大きい、大きくない、大きかった、大きくなかった (it's big, it's not big, it was big, it wasn't big)
How do you form Plain style [i-Adjective]?
Present: 〜い / Negative: 〜くない / Past: 〜かった / Past neg: 〜くなかった. いい (good) is irregular: negative is よくない, past is よかった.